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Abstract

Summary: The findings of the study reported in this investigation appear to indicate that normal swallowing is a synchronous, precise behavior that utilizes some muscle energy output in all muscles of concern. Deviant swallowing is not only a habitual thrusting of the tongue anteriorly through or against a deviant dental configuration, but also appears to be a disarranged, asynchronous pattern utilizing more muscle energy output in all muscles of concern than in normal swallowing.

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